From contractors to civilians: how are the Armed Forces, TE and DFTG

The war in Ukraine has covered the importance of every element of the state defense system. The Armed Forces of Ukraine, territorial defense forces and volunteer formation of territorial communities have become key components of the country's protection. However, their functions, structure and legal status are significantly different. The war in Ukraine has changed not only the political situation, but also the structure of military formations.

In particular, one of the key aspects that needs explanation is the difference between the Armed Forces of Ukraine (Armed Forces), territorial defense (TRO) and volunteer formations of territorial communities (DFTG). All of these units perform important tasks within the country's defense, but have significant differences in organization, appointment and legal status.

The focus, together with the expert of the NGO "Legal Hundred" Angelina Slavich, tells the difference between the Armed Forces, TRO and DFTG. The Armed Forces is a major component of Ukraine's military force, which provides the country's defense against external threats. It is a regular army that includes all military units from land to air defense forces and other specialized units.

Armed Forces servicemen are under contract or conscription, their activities are regulated by the laws of Ukraine and orders of military command. The Armed Forces includes both personnel servicemen and mobilized reservists. They are provided with everything necessary - from weapons to food, and have clearly defined responsibilities and responsibilities. The tasks of the Armed Forces include both active fighting on the forefront and strategic planning of defense operations.

Depending on the position and qualification, the level of salaries of the Armed Forces of the Armed Forces varies. In total, it is from 15,000 to 50,000 UAH per month, but the salary can be increased by allowances, in particular for participation in hostilities. The additional remuneration for the military not involved in the fighting is 30 thousand UAH, or about 1 thousand UAH per day.

For the military who participate in the battles, additional remuneration is determined at the rate of UAH 100 thousand a month, or about 3 thousand hryvnias a day. The number of days that the military was in battle and performed combat missions is determined on the basis of combat orders and orders issued by the command of different structures. Territorial defense forces are part of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, but have some different specificity.

The territorial defense team is not a classic team and differs in both structure and tasks. The military units of the Armed Forces of the Armed Forces and the military authorities are completed in a special period by servicemen under contract, officers on the conscription and reservists of the territorial reserve. In turn, the Armed Forces linear crews intended for all -military battles have specialized weapons and a well -defined staff.

In territorial defense, there is a personnel core, on the basis of which a brigade from reservists and conscripts unfolds. Territorial defense units consist of a military and civilian component. The military component includes the military units and units of the TRI, which is part of the army, along with the Land Forces. All TRI parts have access to regular weapons.

However, if the Armed Forces consists of servicemen, reservists and mobilized, then the TROs, in addition to these formations, also include volunteer formation of territorial communities (DFTG). According to the law, these people have the right to use personal hunting weapons. Basic salary in three lower compared to the Armed Forces. Usually it is UAH 10,000 - 15,000, but it may vary depending on the number of combat missions or high service conditions.

In the structure of forces there are also a military-civil component of territorial defense-volunteer formation of territorial communities. The DFTG is a paramilitary unit formed on a voluntary basis of citizens of Ukraine living within the territory of the respective community, which is intended for participation in the preparation and performance of territorial defense tasks. The DFTG reports to the commanders of military units of the TRI forces by territorial principle.

The members of the DFTG may be persons who meet the following criteria: the contract of volunteer of territorial defense is concluded between the volunteer commander and the person who applied for the approved form, for a period of 3 years. The financing of the DFTG rests with local self -government bodies, but is not binding, and therefore the issue of volunteer financial support is decentralized.

The expert of the NGO "Legal Hundred" Angelina Slavich emphasizes that members of volunteer formations do not have the status of military personnel and can be drafted into military service (including during mobilization). The members of the DFTG do not apply to the Law of Ukraine "On Military Duty and Military Service", the DFTG can be abandoned at any time at their own request. According to Part 1 of Art.

119 of the Labor Code at the time of performing state or public duties, if these duties can be performed during working hours, employees are guaranteed to maintain a place of work (position) and average earnings.

Given the specifics of the DFTG service, which may not provide for permanent, but periodic involvement of the employee in the performance of their duties, the employer does not need to issue an order for the dismissal of the employee, in each case it is necessary to proceed from the level of involvement of the employee in territorial defense . From this it follows that reservation from conscription during mobilization is possible on a general basis.