War of Israel and Iran: As former friends became enemies and six scenarios ending conflict
Iran and Israel are now known as enemies that have been exchanged threats and rocket strikes over the last few decades. And Israel conducts secret operations, the purpose of which is not to let Iran create a nuclear bomb. Official Tehran stated that he wanted to erase Israel from the face of the earth, and Israel believes that Iran and his proxy - Yemeni Husita and Hamas - is a major threat in the region. But it was not always possible.
In order to understand how friendship turned into hatred, one must mention how Iran was violently changing in the early twentieth century, trying to become independent of foreign influence. At that time, the Pekhlev dynasty reigned on the throne, when the first chess of this name Ra-Khan, the 34th khan of Iran, overthrew the ruling dynasty of Kadzhars. The country, which was then called Persia in the Greek manner, was occupied by British and Russian (later Soviet troops).
During his reign, Reza-Shach carried out reforms to restore the country and political and economic independence. In 1935, Persia officially became Iran and the freshly known state actively cooperated with Germany. However, Nazism and anti -Semitism in Iran did not pass. Reza-Shah officially stated that all Iranian Jews were assimilated Iranians and declared Iran neutral at the beginning of World War II.
But in 1941, the United Kingdom and the USSR occupied the North and South Iran and Razha was forced to renounce the throne in favor of his son Muhammad Reza Pekhleve, the United Kingdom. The first Shah of Pekhlev died in South Africa in 1944. In January 1942, Iran, the Soviet Union and the United Kingdom signed a tripartite treaty. In this agreement, the Allies recognized the territorial integrity, sovereignty and political independence of Iran.
They also pledged to protect the Iranian economy from the consequences of war. And most importantly, they promised to leave the Iranian territory within six months after the war. Looking ahead, let's say that the Americans and the British went in January 1946, and the USSR managed to cure until May after the UN intervention. But by the spring of 1942, Iran broke up all relations with the states of the axis, and in 1944 declared war on Nazi Germany.
In 1948, when the state of Israel was created, relations between it and Iran were characterized by multifaceted cooperation (although mostly hidden, which was often denied), which both states were regarded as one that was in line with their national interests. The first permanent Israeli diplomats appeared in Iran in the late 1950s, and many of them were Iranian Jews. And Iran recognized Israel de facto, shortly after Turkey.
The position of Israel was based on the "periphery doctrine" of Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion, and gave priority to a strong relationship with Iran, Turkey and Ethiopia as a strategy of balance of forces against the Arab world. And among these potential allies, Iran Mohammed Reza-Shah Pahleva occupied an honorary place in view of its numerous average geopolitical interests that crossed with Israel.
Both Iran and Israel were warned by Soviet influence and militant panarabism, whose flag was raised from the mid-1950s to the late 1960s, President of Egypt Hamal Abdel Nasser. As Ben Gurion said in Kneset in October 1960: "This friendship between Israel and Iran exists and is strong because it is based on mutual benefits that both countries receive from their cooperation.
" At that time, Israel taught Iranian agricultural experts, helped to create and teach Iranian armed forces, and Iranian Shah paid Oil Israel. Both countries after the six-day war in June 1967 even built an Eilat-Ashkelon pipeline connecting the Red Sea and the Mediterranean. In addition, Pekhlev hoped to improve relations with Washington and turn Iran into a modern, technologically advanced country. And then Iran was a home for the second largest Jewish community outside the Israel.
This idyll ceased in 1979 after the Islamic Revolution and the formation of the Republic of Islamic, headed by a previously expelled Shiite Theologian Ayatola Khomeini. Since the 1960s, he has used Shah's relationship with Israel and the US as a trump card to discredit the Pekhlev inside the country and undermine its legitimacy. He stated that Shah allowed Israel to "root" in Iran, which allegedly threatened Iran's independence.
In his opinion, the United States was a "big satan" and Israel, respectively, "little satan". The Western policy of Pekhlevo and sometimes authoritarian policy led to protests, the chess had to flee from the country. He hoped to return, but did not receive support from the event and died of cancer a year later. And in Iran, Islamic fundamentalists reigned. But even after the Islamic Revolution, the secret policy of Khomeini was different from the public.
Iranic, but denying the right of Israel to exist, Iran accepted him in the war against Iraq Saddam Hussein in the 1980s. Both countries were moving pragmatism: Israel believed that the Khomeini regime was not eternal and the relationship with Iran could be restored, and the regime sought to keep itself at all costs and "little Satan" seemed less evil than, for example, the United States. But as a result, everything came to the relationship we see now.
Iran, after the collapse of the USSR and the overthrow of Saddam Hussein's regime in Iraq, has accelerated significantly in his opposition Israel. Tehran criticizes Israel for the "occupation of the Palestinian territories", developed a proxy in the form of Lebanon Hezbolla, Yemeni Hussites and Hamas in Palestine, expanding his influence and persistently developing his nuclear program. Ironically, but it was created by Shah in the 1950s with the support of the United States.
As a result, Iran became part of the modern "axis of evil" in the company of Russia and the DPRK. In June 2025, Israel used a "window window" when Iran remained almost one. The proxy he created - helpless, thanks to the blows of Israel and the United States, Russia has struck in the war with Ukraine and, although it condemns the attacks of Israel on Iran, it is clear that it will not come to help. The purpose of Israel to demolish the regime that in the bins persistently creates a nuclear bomb.
Or to create the preconditions for the Iranians, tired of radical policy, did it themselves, as they have already tried several times. But at the same time, Iran's future is foggy, and there are six scenarios among the probable options. The main question of what will be for any of these scenarios to do Israel and the US. With a positive result, the relations that were before the Islamic Revolution will be revived.
But the question remains whether Iran will retain its nuclear program for each of these results and what Israel will do with it. So far, the United States rejects Jerusalem's plans to eliminate Chamenoea and give bombs that can be destroyed once and for all by Iran's underground nuclear factories. Earlier, Focus wrote about the top 6 nuclear objects of Iran.