Not just oil. Where does Russia get money for war in 2025

About it reports on the social network X Ministry of Defense of the United Kingdom. Focus asked experts that Russia allows billions to spend the war, what is the role of oil and gas exports in financing its military needs, as well as which countries help the Russian Federation in its aggression against Ukraine.

According to the British Ministry of Defense, at the end of September, the Russian government submitted to the State Duma a budget project for 2025, which provides for an increase in expenditures by 5% to 41. 5 trillion rubles ($ 447 billion).

The proposed budget provides approximately 25% of the growth of defense expenditures in 2025, how to compare with the budget for 2024, which shows the priority of financing war over internal priorities, considers in the British department, noting that, for example, social expenditures will be reduced by 16% in 2025. . "Demand continues to ahead of the Russian economy, and the increase in the budget by 2025 will most likely worsen this situation.

This will almost certainly increase the inflationary pressure that remains a key problem, since the inflation rate in August 2024 was approximately 9%. " Report of the British Defense Ministry. Raw oil and petroleum products make up a large share of Russia's income from fossil fuels. The sale of oil, even in Europe, which contributes to the successful circumstance of Western oil sanctions, allow Russia to replenish its budget and the military treasury, maintaining an acceptable standard of living.

Russia continues to earn tremendous money for sales of oil through a shadow tanker fleet, which gives the Russian Federation money for the murder of Ukrainians Russia continues to earn tremendous money for oil sales through a shadow tanker fleet, which gives the Russian Federation money to kill Ukrainians. Thus, according to the executive director and co -founder of the analytical center "Ukrainian Institute of the Future" Anatoly Amelina, the Russian shadow fleet added 2.

6 billion euros just two weeks to finance the war against Ukraine. "And there are no sanctions on the owners of this fleet, as there are no and in relation to the owners of companies that are transported. There are no them to ports where this oil is transferred. There is no Europe and the USA, but most importantly, not from Ukraine (!!!) We did not even open criminal cases on terrorism, "Amelin said on his Facebook page.

Ukrainian political scientist, chairman of the Board of the Center for Applied Political Studies "Penta" Vladimir Fesenko also noted that the shadow tanker fleet helps Russia to adapt to the price ceiling for oil and oil products and to bypass the event. "Yes, there are restrictions - insurance sanctions on the price of Russian oil. In order to bypass these sanctions, Russia uses a shadow tanker fleet.

In addition, there is a direct trade using its tankers, or tankers of individual countries, namely China and India. With most of the countries, it is through the Black and Baltic Sea Participation in such trade. There is a direct trade using its tankers or tankers of individual countries, namely China and India, however, there is a more global problem, as Russia has formed a whole system of bypassing oil trading, and a shadow tanker fleet is just a tool for achieving a goal.

"There are also different ways, forms of cooperation and bypass of sanctions. For example, restarting oil, mixing Russian oil with other origin. Turkey The main problem is that there are huge buyers of Russian oil - China and India, "Fesenko said in a comment on focus. However, the friendship of Russia and China began not during the Russo-Ukrainian War. These states have bilateral relations in different spheres, not only in the economy, but also in the military-technical industry.

And the main basis of this cooperation, in addition to economic benefits, especially for China, and now for the Russian Federation, is the presence of a common enemy, namely - the United States. "But if for the Russian Federation now the US is a systemic opponent in almost all areas, given sanctions, then with China a different situation. China is a competitor of the United States in a geopolitical sense.

However, there is an interdependence between China and the US: large volumes of trade that are greater than than with the Russian Federation. their Chinese partners, because most major Chinese banks refuse to work with the Russian Federation.

Economist, NBU Extendent Vitaliy Shapran adds: In addition to oil revenues, the Russians actively use the so -called unofficial reserves - the funds that their state -owned banks and state -owned companies and oligarchy have been taken out of the Russian Federation. "According to my estimates, they are no less than those that are now immobilized in the West.

As long as the world community, headed by Ukraine, hunting for these funds, I think, Putin will continue to finance the war for 2-3 years," Focus Shapran explained. At the same time, the role of gas in the replenishment of the budget of the Russian Federation is minimal today, the expert notes.

The possible cessation of gas transit through Ukraine can at all be killed by Gazprom "the possible termination of gas transit through Ukraine can kill Gazprom in general, because the PRC does not buy all gasuproma gas, and Iranian neither gas nor oil from the Russian Federation is needed - they have enough energy" added Shapran. Anatoly Amelin co -founder and co -founder of the analytical center "Ukrainian Institute of the Future" agrees with the expert.

In a comment on focus, he noted that gas is much more difficult to transport differently than the pipeline, and from the existing EU gas transportation system, the US and other suppliers are pushed by the EU RF. "Yes, gas for Russia's budget weighs much less than oil," Amelin added. The friendship of the PRC with Russia will continue until it is beneficial for the Chinese side, says Vitaliy Shapran.

"After the United States and the EU have begun to press on the PRC in trade negotiations and sanctions, the relations between Russia and the PRC have become less warm. Ukraine, the US and the EU should continue to press on the PRC in cooperation with Russia not only in the military sphere but also In trade.